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@ARTICLE{2026GeoJI.246..206C,
       author = {{Cheng}, Minkang},
        title = "{Oscillations in the Earth's figure axis from 50-yr SLR data and polar motion}",
      journal = {Geophysical Journal International},
         year = 2026,
        month = aug,
       volume = {246},
       number = {2},
          eid = {ggag206},
        pages = {ggag206},
     abstract = "{The Earth's figure axis is the axis of maximum inertia for the deformed
        (oblate) Earth, as described by the degree-two, order-one
        geopotential coefficients C$_{21}$ and S$_{21}$. An extended
        mean-pole model is presented for evaluating solid-Earth and
        ocean-pole tides. 50-yr Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) data and
        24-yr GRACE/GRACE-FO (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment
        and followon) data were analysed to determine variations in
        Earth's figure axis, as reflected in changes in the C$_{21}$ and
        S$_{21}$ coefficients. This study reveals that a significant
        atmosphere-ocean motion induced a variation in C$_{21}$ that is
        captured by SLR data but does not appear in the GRACE solution.
        The current glacial isostatic adjustment ICE-6 G model requires
        improvement to account for the observed linear rates of C$_{21}$
        and S$_{21}$. A significant 30- and 60-yr signal with an
        amplitude of {\ensuremath{\sim}}3 {\texttimes}
        10$^{{\ensuremath{-}}11}$ in the Earth's figure axis is observed
        using SLR and an amplitude of {\ensuremath{\sim}}10 mas in the
        polar-motion, which could be predominantly driven by a 0.05-deg
        tilt of the inner-core figure axis relative to the figure axis
        of the entire core and is linked to partial electromagnetic
        core--mantle coupling.}",
          doi = {10.1093/gji/ggag206},
       adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2026GeoJI.246..206C},
      adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}
