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Multiday thermospheric density oscillations associated with variations in solar radiation and geomagnetic activity

Xu, Jiyao, Wang, Wenbin, Zhang, Shunrong, Liu, Xiao, and Yuan, Wei, 2015. Multiday thermospheric density oscillations associated with variations in solar radiation and geomagnetic activity. Journal of Geophysical Research (Space Physics), 120(5):3829–3846, doi:10.1002/2014JA020830.

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@ARTICLE{2015JGRA..120.3829X,
       author = {{Xu}, Jiyao and {Wang}, Wenbin and {Zhang}, Shunrong and {Liu}, Xiao and {Yuan}, Wei},
        title = "{Multiday thermospheric density oscillations associated with variations in solar radiation and geomagnetic activity}",
      journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research (Space Physics)},
     keywords = {thermospheric density, oscillation},
         year = 2015,
        month = may,
       volume = {120},
       number = {5},
        pages = {3829-3846},
     abstract = "{Thermospheric densities observed by Challenging Minisatellite Payload
        and Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment satellites during
        2002-2010 and the globally averaged thermospheric densities from
        1967 to 2007 have been used to investigate latitudinal,
        longitudinal, and height dependences of the multiday
        oscillations of thermospheric densities. The data show that the
        main multiday oscillations in thermospheric densities are 27,
        13.5, 9, and 7 day oscillations. The high-correlation
        coefficients between the density oscillations and the F$_{10.7}$
        or Ap index indicate that these oscillations are externally
        driven. The 27 day density oscillation, being the strongest, is
        induced by variations in solar radiation, as well as recurrent
        geomagnetic activity that is the result of corotating
        interaction regions (CIRs) and high-speed solar wind streams of
        coronal hole origin. Density oscillations at periods of 13.5, 9,
        and 7 days at solar minimum and during the declining phase are
        stronger than those at solar maximum. These oscillations are
        mainly associated with recurrent geomagnetic activity due to
        coronal hole high-speed streams and CIRs. The multiday, periodic
        oscillations of thermospheric density exhibit strong latitudinal
        and longitudinal variations in the geomagnetic coordinate and
        oscillate synchronously at different heights. Oscillations with
        zonal wave number 0 oscillate globally, whereas those with
        nonzero wave numbers are strong at high geomagnetic latitudes,
        and hemispherically asymmetric. They are stronger in the
        Southern Hemisphere. The spectral distributions of thermospheric
        densities at different heights have almost the same latitude and
        longitude structures, but the spectral magnitudes increase with
        height.}",
          doi = {10.1002/2014JA020830},
       adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015JGRA..120.3829X},
      adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

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