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Correlations Between the Thermosphere's Semiannual Density Variations and Infrared Emissions Measured With the SABER Instrument

Weimer, D. R., Mlynczak, M. G., Emmert, J. T., Doornbos, E., Sutton, E. K., and Hunt, L. A., 2018. Correlations Between the Thermosphere's Semiannual Density Variations and Infrared Emissions Measured With the SABER Instrument. Journal of Geophysical Research (Space Physics), 123(10):8850–8864, doi:10.1029/2018JA025668.

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@ARTICLE{2018JGRA..123.8850W,
       author = {{Weimer}, D.~R. and {Mlynczak}, M.~G. and {Emmert}, J.~T. and {Doornbos}, E. and {Sutton}, E.~K. and {Hunt}, L.~A.},
        title = "{Correlations Between the Thermosphere's Semiannual Density Variations and Infrared Emissions Measured With the SABER Instrument}",
      journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research (Space Physics)},
     keywords = {thermospheric dynamics, thermosphere composition, semiannual variation, satellite drag, thermosphere emissions},
         year = 2018,
        month = oct,
       volume = {123},
       number = {10},
        pages = {8850-8864},
     abstract = "{This paper presents measurements of the amplitudes and timings of the
        combined, annual, and semiannual variations of thermospheric
        neutral density, and a comparison of these density variations
        with measurements of the infrared emissions from carbon dioxide
        and nitric oxide in the thermosphere. The density values were
        obtained from measurements of the atmospheric drag experienced
        by the Challenging Minisatellite Payload, Gravity Recovery and
        Climate Experiment A, Gravity field and Ocean Circulation
        Explorer, and three Swarm satellites, while the optical
        emissions were measured with the Sounding of the Atmosphere
        using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) instrument on the
        Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics
        satellite. These data span a time period of 16 years. A database
        containing global average densities that were derived from the
        orbits of about 5,000 objects (Emmert, 2009, <A href=``https://d
        oi.org/10.1029/2009JA014102''>https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JA0141
        02</A>, 2015b, <A href=``https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JA021047''>
        https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JA021047</A>) was employed for
        calibrating these density data. A comparison with the
        NRLMSISE-00 model was used to derive measurements of how much
        the density changes over time due to these seasonal variations.
        It is found that the seasonal density oscillations have
        significant variations in amplitude and timing. In order to test
        the practicality of using optical emissions as a monitoring
        tool, the SABER data were fit to the measured variations. Even
        the most simple fit that used only filtered carbon dioxide
        emissions had good correlations with the measured oscillations.
        However, the density oscillations were also well predicted by a
        simple Fourier series, contrary to original expectations.
        Nevertheless, measurements of the optical emissions from the
        thermosphere are expected to have a role in future understanding
        and prediction of the semiannual variations.}",
          doi = {10.1029/2018JA025668},
       adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018JGRA..123.8850W},
      adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

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