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Revisiting sea-level budget by considering all potential impact factors for global mean sea-level change estimation

Wang, Fengwei, Shen, Yunzhong, Chen, Qiujie, and Geng, Jianhua, 2022. Revisiting sea-level budget by considering all potential impact factors for global mean sea-level change estimation. Scientific Reports, 12:10251, doi:10.1038/s41598-022-14173-2.

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@ARTICLE{2022NatSR..1210251W,
       author = {{Wang}, Fengwei and {Shen}, Yunzhong and {Chen}, Qiujie and {Geng}, Jianhua},
        title = "{Revisiting sea-level budget by considering all potential impact factors for global mean sea-level change estimation}",
      journal = {Scientific Reports},
         year = 2022,
        month = jun,
       volume = {12},
          eid = {10251},
        pages = {10251},
     abstract = "{Accurate estimates of global sea-level change from the observations of
        Altimetry, Argo and Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment
        (GRACE) and GRACE Follow-on (GRACE-FO) are of great value for
        investigating the global sea-level budget. In this study, we
        analyzed the global sea-level change over the period from
        January 2005 to December 2019 by considering all potential
        impact factors, i.e. three factors for Altimetry observations
        (two Altimetry products, ocean bottom deformation (OBD) and
        glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA)), three factors for Argo
        observations (four Argo products, salinity product error and
        deep-ocean steric sea-level change), and seven factors for
        GRACE/GRACE-FO observations including three official RL06
        solutions, five spatial filtering methods, three GIA models, two
        C$_{20}$ (degree 2 order 0) products, Geocenter motion, GAD
        field and global mass conservation. The seven impact factors of
        GRACE/GRACE-FO observations lead to ninety combinations for the
        post-procession of global mean barystatic sea-level change
        estimation, whose rates range from 2.00 to 2.45 mm/year. The
        total uncertainty of global barystatic sea-level change rate is
        {\ensuremath{\pm}} 0.27 mm/year at the 95\% confidence level,
        estimated as the standard deviation of the differences between
        the different datasets constituting the ensembles. The
        statistical results show that the preferred GIA model developed
        by Caron et al. in 2018 can improve the closure of the global
        sea-level budget by 0.20-0.30 mm/year, which is comparable with
        that of neglecting the halosteric component. About 30.8\% of
        total combinations (GRACE/GRACE-FO plus Argo) can close the
        global sea-level budget within 1-sigma (0.23 mm/year) of
        Altimetry observations, 88.9\% within 2-sigma. Once the adopted
        factors including GRACE/GRACE-FO solutions from Center for Space
        Research (CSR), Caron18 GIA model, SWENSON filtering and Argo
        product from China Second Institute of Oceanography, the linear
        trend of global sterodynamic sea-level change derived from
        GRACE/GRACE-FO plus Argo observations is 3.85 {\ensuremath{\pm}}
        0.14 mm/year, nearly closed to 3.90 {\ensuremath{\pm}} 0.23
        mm/year of Altimetry observations.}",
          doi = {10.1038/s41598-022-14173-2},
       adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2022NatSR..1210251W},
      adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

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