Sun Feb 09, F. Flechtner
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Safaeian, Samaneh, Falahatkar, Samereh, and Tourian, Mohammad J., 2023. Satellite observation of atmospheric CO$_2$ and water storage change over Iran. Scientific Reports, 13:3036, doi:10.1038/s41598-023-28961-x.
• from the NASA Astrophysics Data System • by the DOI System •
@ARTICLE{2023NatSR..13.3036S,
author = {{Safaeian}, Samaneh and {Falahatkar}, Samereh and {Tourian}, Mohammad J.},
title = "{Satellite observation of atmospheric CO$_{2}$ and water storage change over Iran}",
journal = {Scientific Reports},
year = 2023,
month = feb,
volume = {13},
eid = {3036},
pages = {3036},
abstract = "{Like many other Middle East countries, Iran has been suffering from
severe water shortages over the last two decades, as evidenced
by significant decline in surface water and groundwater levels.
The observed changes in water storage can be attributed to the
mutually reinforcing effects of human activities, climatic
variability, and of course the climate change. The objective of
this study is to analyze the dependency of atmospheric CO$_{2}$
increase on the water shortage of Iran, for which we investigate
the spatial relationship between water storage change and
CO$_{2}$ concentration using large scale satellite data. We
conduct our analysis using water storage change data from GRACE
satellite and atmospheric CO$_{2}$ concentration from GOSAT and
SCIAMACHY satellites during 2002-2015. To analyze the long-term
behavior of time series we benefit from Mann-Kendal test and for
the investigation of the relationship between atmospheric
CO$_{2}$ concentration and total water storage we use Canonical
Correlation Analysis (CCA) and Regression model. Our Results
show that the water storage change anomaly and CO$_{2}$
concentration are negatively correlated especially in northern,
western, southwest (Khuzestan province), and also southeast
(Kerman, Hormozgan, Sistan, and Baluchestan provinces) of Iran.
CCA results reveal that in the most of northern regions, the
decrease in water storage is significantly influenced by the
increase of CO$_{2}$ concentration. The results further show
that precipitation in the highland and peaks does not seem to be
influenced by the long and short-term variation in CO$_{2}$
concentration. Besides, our results show that the CO$_{2}$
concentration is slightly correlated with a weak positive trend
in evapotranspiration over agricultural areas. Thus, the
indirect effect of CO$_{2}$ on increasing evapotranspiration is
observed spatially in the whole of Iran. The results of the
regression model between total water storage change and carbon
dioxide (R$^{2}$ = 0.91)/water discharge/water consumption show
that carbon dioxide has the highest effect on total water
storage change at large scale. The results of this study will
contribute to both water resource management and mitigation
plans to achieve the goal of CO$_{2}$ emission reduction.}",
doi = {10.1038/s41598-023-28961-x},
adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2023NatSR..13.3036S},
adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}
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