Publications related to the GRACE Missions (no abstracts)

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Assessing the Performance of GRACE-FO KBR and LRI in Detecting Mass Changes Using Along-Orbit Range-Accelerations

Zhu, Zitong, Wang, Changqing, Yan, Yihao, Xiong, Yuhao, Mu, Qinglu, Yan, Haoming, and Zhang, Zizhan, 2025. Assessing the Performance of GRACE-FO KBR and LRI in Detecting Mass Changes Using Along-Orbit Range-Accelerations. Journal of Geophysical Research (Solid Earth), 130(6):e2024JB029428, doi:10.1029/2024JB029428.

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@ARTICLE{2025JGRB..13029428Z,
       author = {{Zhu}, Zitong and {Wang}, Changqing and {Yan}, Yihao and {Xiong}, Yuhao and {Mu}, Qinglu and {Yan}, Haoming and {Zhang}, Zizhan},
        title = "{Assessing the Performance of GRACE-FO KBR and LRI in Detecting Mass Changes Using Along-Orbit Range-Accelerations}",
      journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research (Solid Earth)},
     keywords = {GRACE-FO, inter-satellite ranging system, along-orbit range-acceleration, mass change, systematic difference},
         year = 2025,
        month = jun,
       volume = {130},
       number = {6},
          eid = {e2024JB029428},
        pages = {e2024JB029428},
     abstract = "{Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On is equipped with two
        inter-satellite ranging systems, notably the K-Band ranging
        (KBR) and the more precise Laser Ranging Interferometer (LRI),
        which enable the detection of variations in Earth's gravity.
        Assessing the differences between KBR and LRI is beneficial for
        understanding the performance of future LRI-only gravity
        satellite missions. However, due to limitations imposed by
        temporal aliasing errors, the advantages of LRI over KBR for
        monthly gravity field solutions are not clearly discernible. The
        along-orbit range-accelerations directly reflect the mass
        variations, providing a new way to evaluate the differences
        between LRI and KBR. Therefore, we selected different frequency
        bands and time scales to compare the along-orbit range-
        accelerations of KBR and LRI from 2019 to 2021. Analyzing the
        spatiotemporal-averaged along-orbit data, the results indicate a
        systematic difference between KBR and LRI, with a scale factor
        of about 0.977 over the selected 92 basins, while the scale
        factor is lower over oceanic regions. A comparison of the
        instantaneous along-orbit data for KBR and LRI reveals that the
        noise level of LRI in the [15.8-21 mHz] band is at least one
        order of magnitude lower than that of KBR. After simulating
        instrument noise, model errors, and time-variable signals, it
        was determined that KBR noise is likely the primary factor
        contributing to the systematic difference in capturing temporal
        signals between LRI and KBR. In addition, regions with a low
        signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are more susceptible to noise, which
        diminishes the correlation between KBR and LRI along-orbit data.}",
          doi = {10.1029/2024JB029428},
       adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2025JGRB..13029428Z},
      adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

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