Sun Feb 09, F. Flechtner
• Sorted by Date • Sorted by Last Name of First Author •
Zheng, Shuyun, Zhou, Hao, Ma, Zhiyu, Guo, Xiang, and Luo, Zhicai, 2025. On the feasibility of retrieving the temporal gravity field via improved optical clocks. Journal of Geodesy, 99(1):7, doi:10.1007/s00190-024-01930-6.
• from the NASA Astrophysics Data System • by the DOI System •
@ARTICLE{2025JGeod..99....7Z,
author = {{Zheng}, Shuyun and {Zhou}, Hao and {Ma}, Zhiyu and {Guo}, Xiang and {Luo}, Zhicai},
title = "{On the feasibility of retrieving the temporal gravity field via improved optical clocks}",
journal = {Journal of Geodesy},
keywords = {Satellite geodesy, Satellite gravity, Time variable gravity, Optical clock},
year = 2025,
month = jan,
volume = {99},
number = {1},
eid = {7},
pages = {7},
abstract = "{The development of optical clocks has experienced significant
acceleration in recent years, positioning them as one of the
most promising quantum optical sensors for next-generation
gravimetric missions (NGGMs). This study investigates the
feasibility of retrieving the temporal gravity field via
improved optical clocks through a closed-loop simulation. It
evaluates optical clock capabilities in temporal gravity field
inversion by considering the clock noise characteristics,
designing satellite formations, and simulating the performance
of optical clocks. The results indicate that optical clocks
exhibit higher sensitivity to low-degree gravity field signals.
However, when the optical clock noise level drops below 1
{\texttimes} 10$^{‑19}$<inline-formula id=``IEq1''><mml:math
id=``IEq1\_Math''><mml:mrow><mml:mo
stretchy=``false''>/</mml:mo><mml:msqrt><mml:mi mathvariant=``no
rmal''>{\ensuremath{\tau}}</mml:mi></mml:msqrt></mml:mrow></mml:
math></inline-formula> ({\ensuremath{\tau}} being the averaging
time in seconds) in the satellite-to-ground (SG) mode or below 1
{\texttimes} 10$^{‑20}$<inline-formula id=``IEq2''><mml:math
id=``IEq2\_Math''><mml:mrow><mml:mo
stretchy=``false''>/</mml:mo><mml:msqrt><mml:mi mathvariant=``no
rmal''>{\ensuremath{\tau}}</mml:mi></mml:msqrt></mml:mrow></mml:
math></inline-formula> in the satellite-to-satellite (SS) mode,
atmospheric and oceanic (AO) errors become the dominant source
of error. At this noise level, optical clocks can detect time-
variable gravity signals up to approximately degree 30. Compared
to existing gravity measurement missions such as GRACE-FO,
optical clocks exhibit consistent results in detecting signals
below degree 20. If the orbital altitude is reduced to 250 km,
the performance of optical clocks across all degrees aligns with
the results of GRACE-FO. Furthermore, the study reveals that
lowering the orbital altitude of satellite-based optical clocks
from 485 to 250 km improves results by an average of 33\%.
Switching from the SS mode to the SG mode results in an average
improvement of 51\%, while each order-of-magnitude improvement
in clock precision enhances results by an average of 60\%. In
summary, these findings highlight the tremendous potential of
optical clock technology in determining Earth's temporal gravity
field and provide crucial technological support for NGGMs.}",
doi = {10.1007/s00190-024-01930-6},
adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2025JGeod..99....7Z},
adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}
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