Publications related to the GRACE Missions (no abstracts)

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Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Drought and the Ecohydrological Response in Central Asia

Feng, Keting, Cao, Yanping, Du, Erji, Zhou, Zengguang, and Zhang, Yaonan, 2025. Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Drought and the Ecohydrological Response in Central Asia. Remote Sensing, 17(1):166, doi:10.3390/rs17010166.

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@ARTICLE{2025RemS...17..166F,
       author = {{Feng}, Keting and {Cao}, Yanping and {Du}, Erji and {Zhou}, Zengguang and {Zhang}, Yaonan},
        title = "{Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Drought and the Ecohydrological Response in Central Asia}",
      journal = {Remote Sensing},
     keywords = {GRACE, drought, vegetation, water storage, groundwater},
         year = 2025,
        month = jan,
       volume = {17},
       number = {1},
          eid = {166},
        pages = {166},
     abstract = "{Due to the influences of climate change and human activities, the
        resources and environments of the ``One Belt and One Road''
        initiative are facing severe challenges. Using drought
        indicators, this study aimed to analyze the spatiotemporal
        characteristics of the drought environment and the response of
        vegetation cover in the area to drought conditions. The Gravity
        Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) drought severity index
        (GRACE-DSI), GRACE water storage deficit index (GRACE-WSDI) and
        standardized precipitation index (SPI) were calculated to
        measure hydrological drought. Additionally, based on GRACE and
        Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) data, groundwater
        data in Central Asia was retrieved to calculate the groundwater
        drought index using the GRACE Standardized Groundwater Level
        Index (GRACE-SGI). The findings indicate that, from 2000,
        Central Asia's annual precipitation decreased at a rate of 1.80
        mm/year (p < 0.1), and its annual temperature increased
        slightly, at a rate of 0.008 {\textdegree}C/year (p = 0.62).
        Water storage decreased significantly at a rate of ‑3.53 mm/year
        (p < 0.001) and showed an increase-decrease-increase-decrease
        pattern. During the study period, the aridity in Central Asia
        deteriorated, especially on the eastern coast of the Caspian Sea
        and the Aral Sea basin. After 2020, most of Central Asia
        experienced droughts at both the hydrological and groundwater
        droughts levels and of varying lengths and severity. During the
        growing season, there was a substantial positive association
        between the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and
        drought indicators such as GRACE-DSI and GRACE-WSDI.
        Nonetheless, the NDVI of cultivated land and grassland
        distribution areas in Central Asia displayed a strong negative
        correlation with GRACE-SGI. This study concludes that the arid
        environment in Central Asia affected the growth of vegetation.
        The ecological system in Central Asia may be put under
        additional stress if drought conditions continue to worsen. This
        paper explores the drought characteristics in Central Asia,
        especially those of groundwater drought, and analyzes the
        response of vegetation, which is very important for the
        ecological and environmental protection of the region.}",
          doi = {10.3390/rs17010166},
       adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2025RemS...17..166F},
      adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

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