GRACE and GRACE-FO Related Publications (no abstracts)

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Detection of Extensive Equatorial Plasma Depletions After the 2022 Tongan Volcanic Eruption From Multiple Geodetic Satellite Ranging Systems

Han, Shin-Chan, Kil, Hyosub, Ray, Richard, Lemoine, Frank, and Waters, Colin, 2024. Detection of Extensive Equatorial Plasma Depletions After the 2022 Tongan Volcanic Eruption From Multiple Geodetic Satellite Ranging Systems. Journal of Geophysical Research (Space Physics), 129(11):2024JA032690, doi:10.1029/2024JA032690.

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@ARTICLE{2024JGRA..12932690H,
       author = {{Han}, Shin-Chan and {Kil}, Hyosub and {Ray}, Richard and {Lemoine}, Frank and {Waters}, Colin},
        title = "{Detection of Extensive Equatorial Plasma Depletions After the 2022 Tongan Volcanic Eruption From Multiple Geodetic Satellite Ranging Systems}",
      journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research (Space Physics)},
     keywords = {electron density, geodetic satellites, total electron content, Tonga volcano},
         year = 2024,
        month = nov,
       volume = {129},
       number = {11},
        pages = {2024JA032690},
     abstract = "{We present a number of unique observations of ionospheric anomalies
        following the Hunga-Tonga Hunga-Ha'apai (HTHH) volcanic eruption
        on 15 January 2022. All are based on non-dedicated geodetic
        satellite systems: Global Positioning System tracking of Low
        Earth Orbit (LEO) CubeSats, intersatellite tracking between two
        GRACE Follow-On satellites, satellite radar altimeters to the
        ocean surface, and Doppler radio beacons from ground stations to
        LEO geodetic satellites. Their observations revealed the
        development of anomalously large trough-like plasma depletions,
        along with plasma bubbles, in the equatorial regions of the
        Pacific and East Asian sectors. Trough-like plasma depletions
        appeared to be confined within approximately
        {\ensuremath{\pm}}20{\textdegree} magnetic latitude, accompanied
        by density enhancements just outside this latitude range. These
        plasma depletions and enhancements were aligned with the
        magnetic equator and occurred across broad longitudes. They were
        detected in regions where atmospheric waves from the HTHH
        eruption passed through around the time of the sunset
        terminator. We interpret these phenomena in terms of the E
        dynamo electric fields driven by atmospheric waves from the
        eruption. The uplift of the ionosphere beyond satellite
        altitudes, followed by subsequent plasma diffusion to higher
        latitudes along magnetic field lines, results in the formation
        of trough-like plasma depletions around the magnetic equator and
        density enhancement at higher latitudes. The detection of plasma
        bubbles in the Asian sector during the non-bubble season
        (January) is likely associated with the uplift of the ionosphere
        at the sunset terminator.}",
          doi = {10.1029/2024JA032690},
       adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024JGRA..12932690H},
      adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

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